Medical Social Services

Well-established scales in the Hong Kong context

Rehabilitation

Function

Promoting hope, meaningfulness, connectedness

Relevance

Coping, empowerment, social integration, stress management

Target

Medical

Respondent

Patient

Feature

6 items in 5-point rating scale

Reliability

.692

References

Cheung, Chau-kiu, and Esther Oi-wah Chow. 2010. Do You Buy Self-funded Prescribed Medicine? Hong Kong, China: St. James’ Settlement.

illness stress recovery

Rehabilitation - userguide
ENG Rehabilitation - userguide
CHT Rehabilitation - userguide
CHS

Rehabilitation - scale
ENG Rehabilitation - scale
CHT Rehabilitation - scale
CHS

Aid adequacy

Function

Promoting knowledge, capability, accountability

Relevance

Empowerment, consumerism, care planning

Target

Medical

Respondent

Patient

Feature

3 items in 5-point rating scale

Reliability

.783

References

Cheung, Chau-kiu, and Esther Oi-wah Chow. 2010. Do You Buy Self-funded Prescribed Medicine? Hong Kong, China: St. James’ Settlement.

satisfaction agreement effectiveness

Aid adequacy - userguide
ENG Aid adequacy - userguide
CHT Aid adequacy - userguide
CHS

Aid adequacy - scale
ENG Aid adequacy - scale
CHT Aid adequacy - scale
CHS

Functional disability

Function

Promoting health, role functioning, well-being

Relevance

Independence, functioning, caring

Target

Medical

Respondent

Patient

Feature

6 items in 2-point rating scale

Reliability

.817

References

Cheung, Chau-kiu, and Esther Oi-wah Chow. 2010. Do You Buy Self-funded Prescribed Medicine? Hong Kong, China: St. James’ Settlement.

Bass, David M., Linda S. Noelker, and Catherine A. McCarthy. 1999. “The Influence of Formal and Informal Helpers or Primary Caregivers’ Perceptions of Quality of Care.” Journal of Applied Gerontology 18(2):177-200.

Lam, Cindy L.K., I.J. Lauder, T.P. Lam, and B. Gandek. 1999. “Population Based Norming of the Chinese (HK) Version of the SF-36 Health Survey.” Hong Kong Practitioner 21:460-470.

Stewart, Anita L., and John E. Ware, Jr. 1993. Measuring Functioning and Well-being: The Medical Outcomes Study Approach. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.

Whestone, Lauren M., James L. Fozard, E. Jeffrey Metter, Barbara S. Hiscock, Ray Burke, Neil Gittings, and Linda P. Fried. 2001. “The Physical Functioning Inventory: A Procedure for Assessing Physical Function in Adults.” Journal of Aging & Health 13(4):467-493.

dependence difficulty limitation self-care

Functional disability - userguide
ENG Functional disability - userguide
CHT Functional disability - userguide
CHS

Functional disability - scale
ENG Functional disability - scale
CHT Functional disability - scale
CHS

Food avoidance belief: specific food

Function

Promoting health, caring, safety

Relevance

Treatment, therapy, medicine

Target

Medicine

Respondent

Patient

Feature

5 items in 5-point rating scale

Reliability

.877

References

Yung, Tony K. C., Jean H. Kim, Sing-Fai Leung, Rebecca M. W. Yeung, Annette N. Y. Poon, Edmond W. C. Au, and Joseph T. F. Lau. 2019. “Food Avoidance Beliefs and Behaviors among Chinese Cancer Patients: Validation of a New Measurement Tool.” Journal of Nutrition Education & Behavior 51(2):162-172.

Food avoidance belief: specific food - userguide
ENG Food avoidance belief: specific food - userguide
CHT Food avoidance belief: specific food - userguide
CHS

Food avoidance belief: specific food - scale
ENG Food avoidance belief: specific food - scale
CHT Food avoidance belief: specific food - scale
CHS

Food avoidance belief: nutritious food

Function

Promoting health, caring, safety

Relevance

Treatment, therapy, medicine

Target

Medicine

Respondent

Patient

Feature

5 items in 5-point rating scale

Reliability

.883

References

Food avoidance belief: nutritious food - userguide
ENG Food avoidance belief: nutritious food - userguide
CHT Food avoidance belief: nutritious food - userguide
CHS

Food avoidance belief: nutritious food - scale
ENG Food avoidance belief: nutritious food - scale
CHT Food avoidance belief: nutritious food - scale
CHS

Food avoidance belief: amount

Function

Promoting health, caring, safety

Relevance

Treatment, therapy, medicine

Target

Medicine

Respondent

Patient

Feature

5 items in 5-point rating scale

Reliability

.939

References

Food avoidance belief: amount - userguide
ENG Food avoidance belief: amount - userguide
CHT Food avoidance belief: amount - userguide
CHS

Food avoidance belief: amount - scale
ENG Food avoidance belief: amount - scale
CHT Food avoidance belief: amount - scale
CHS

Hospital Anxiety and Depression

Function

Promoting achievement, health, recourse, satisfaction

Relevance

Burden, helplessness, stress, tension

Target

Medical

Respondent

Patient

Feature

14 items in 4-point rating scale

Reliability

.85

References

Wang, Wenru, Sek Ying Chair, David R. Thompson, Sheila F. Twinn. 2009. “A Psychometric Evaluation of the Chinese Version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease.” Journal of Clinical Nursing 18(13):1908-1915.

Hospital Anxiety and Depression - userguide
ENG Hospital Anxiety and Depression - userguide
CHT Hospital Anxiety and Depression - userguide
CHS

Hospital Anxiety and Depression - scale
ENG Hospital Anxiety and Depression - scale
CHT Hospital Anxiety and Depression - scale
CHS

Depression in patients with cancer

Function

Promoting achievement, health, recourse, satisfaction

Relevance

Burden, helplessness, stress, tension

Target

Medical

Respondent

Patient

Feature

9 items in 4-point rating scale

Reliability

.89

References

Hartung, Tim J, Friedrich, Michael, Johansen, Christoffer, Wittchen, Hans‐Ulrich, Faller, Herman, Koch, Uwe, . . . Mehnert, Anja. (2017). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the 9‐item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ‐9) as screening instruments for depression in patients with cancer. Cancer, 123(21), 4236-4243.

Depression in patients with cancer - userguide
ENG Depression in patients with cancer - userguide
CHT Depression in patients with cancer - userguide
CHS

Depression in patients with cancer - scale
ENG Depression in patients with cancer - scale
CHT Depression in patients with cancer - scale
CHS

Attitudes toward Physicians and Primary Medical Care

Function

Promoting achievement, health, recourse, satisfaction

Relevance

Burden, helplessness, stress, tension

Target

Medical

Respondent

Patient

Feature

5 items in 2-point rating scale

Reliability

.75

References

Barbara S. Hulka, Stephen J. Zyzanski, John C. Cassel, & Shirley J. Thompson. (1970). Scale for the Measurement of Attitudes toward Physicians and Primary Medical Care. Medical Care, 8(5), 429-436.

Attitudes toward Physicians and Primary Medical Care - userguide
ENG Attitudes toward Physicians and Primary Medical Care - userguide
CHT Attitudes toward Physicians and Primary Medical Care - userguide
CHS

Attitudes toward Physicians and Primary Medical Care - scale
ENG Attitudes toward Physicians and Primary Medical Care - scale
CHT Attitudes toward Physicians and Primary Medical Care - scale
CHS

Coping with stigma

Function

Promoting resilience, well-being, confidence

Relevance

Self-care, self-efficacy, therapy

Target

Youth

Respondent

Youth

Feature

5 items in 5-point rating scale

Reliability

.885

References

Ngai, S. S. Y., Cheung, C. K., Ng, Y. H., Tang, H. Y., Ngai, H. L., & Wong, K. H. C. (2020). Development and validation of the chronic illness self-management (CISM) scale: Data from a young patient sample in Hong Kong. Children and Youth Services Review, 114, 105077.

Chesney, M. A., Neilands, T. B., Chambers, D. B., Taylor, J. M., & Folkman, S. (2006). A validity and reliability study of the coping self‐efficacy scale. British journal of health psychology, 11(3), 421-437.

Corrigan, P. W., Rafacz, J., & Rüsch, N. (2011). Examining a progressive model of self-stigma and its impact on people with serious mental illness. Psychiatry research, 189(3), 339-343.

Coping with stigma - userguide
ENG Coping with stigma - userguide
CHT Coping with stigma - userguide
CHS

Coping with stigma - scale
ENG Coping with stigma - scale
CHT Coping with stigma - scale
CHS

Health maintenance efficacy

Function

Promoting health-related quality of life, psychological well-being, cardiac
rehabilitation

Relevance

Self-management, self-efficacy, interaction

Target

Youth

Respondent

Youth

Feature

5 items in 5-point rating scale

Reliability

.831

References

Joekes, K., Van Elderen, T., & Schreurs, K. (2007). Self-efficacy and overprotection are related to quality of life, psychological well-being and self-management in cardiac patients. Journal of health psychology, 12(1), 4-16.

Wong, L. L., & Fong, K. N. (2014). The effectiveness of a community reintegration program for clients with chronic stroke. In K. W. Tong (Ed.). Community care in Hong Kong: Current practices, practice-research studies and future directions (pp. 209–236). Hong Kong: City University of Hong Kong Press.

Health maintenance efficacy - userguide
ENG Health maintenance efficacy - userguide
CHT Health maintenance efficacy - userguide
CHS

Health maintenance efficacy - scale
ENG Health maintenance efficacy - scale
CHT Health maintenance efficacy - scale
CHS

Self-stigma

Function

Promoting mental wellbeing, quality of life, perception

Relevance

Self-esteem, self-worth, self-help

Target

Youth

Respondent

Youth

Feature

7 items in 5-point rating scale

Reliability

.715

References

Corrigan, P. W., Rafacz, J., & Rüsch, N. (2011). Examining a progressive model of self-stigma and its impact on people with serious mental illness. Psychiatry research, 189(3), 339-343.

Self-stigma - userguide
ENG Self-stigma - userguide
CHT Self-stigma - userguide
CHS

Self-stigma - scale
ENG Self-stigma - scale
CHT Self-stigma - scale
CHS

Treatment adherence

Function

Promoting health outcomes, confidence, well being

Relevance

Knowledge, social support, stress, self-efficacy

Target

Youth

Respondent

Youth

Feature

6 items in 5-point rating scale

Reliability

.879

References

Morisky, D. E., Ang, A., Krousel-Wood, M., & Ward, H. J. (2008). Predictive validity of a medication adherence measure in an outpatient setting. The Journal of Clinical Hypertension, 10(5), 348–354.

Risser, J., Jacobson, T. A., & Kripalani, S. (2007). Development and psychometric evaluation of the Self-efficacy for Appropriate Medication Use Scale (SEAMS) in low literacy patients with chronic disease. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 15(3), 203–219.

Treatment adherence - userguide
ENG Treatment adherence - userguide
CHT Treatment adherence - userguide
CHS

Treatment adherence - scale
ENG Treatment adherence - scale
CHT Treatment adherence - scale
CHS