What is the definition of social stigma? What is the relationship between social stigma and self-esteem?

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Social stigma is defined as the severe social disapproval of an individual based on a particular trait that deviates from societal norms, leading to discrimination and marginalization. It often results in negative stereotypes and can significantly impact the self-perception of those affected. The relationship between social stigma and self-esteem is profound; individuals who experience social stigma often endure feelings of inferiority and devaluation, which can lead to low self-esteem. Stigmatized individuals may internalize negative societal perceptions, resulting in psychological distress and a diminished sense of self-worth, further perpetuating a cycle of stigma and low self-esteem.