What is the definition of substance abuse? How to measure it?

Don’t mention it and cheers.

Thanks a lot for your kind reply.

Substance abuse is defined as the harmful or hazardous use of psychoactive substances, including alcohol and illegal drugs, leading to significant impairment or distress. This misuse can manifest through excessive use, neglect of responsibilities, or continued use despite negative consequences.

Measurement of substance abuse typically involves diagnostic criteria from the DSM-5, which includes symptoms like tolerance, withdrawal, and failure to fulfill major role obligations. Screening tools such as the CAGE questionnaire and the Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST) are also used to assess the severity and impact of substance use.