Types of research designs?

You’re most welcome.

Great! I have a clearer picture now. Thank you very much.

They are theoretical lens as an overarching perspective within a design that contains both quantitative and qualitative data. Framework for topics of interest, methods for collecting data, and outcomes or changes anticipated by the study can be provided.

I see and transformative mixed methods…

They are procedures that we can converge or merge quantitative and qualitative data for providing a comprehensive analysis of the research problem. We can collect both forms of data at the same time and then integrate the information in the interpretation of the overall results.

Thank you so much! How about concurrent mixed methods?

Sequential mixed methods are those in which we seek to elaborate on or expand on the findings of one method with another method.

Yes…

Yes, there are three general strategies. Sequential mixed methods, concurrent mixed methods and transformative mixed methods.

Wow what a detailed explanation. I am not familiar with mixed methods. Can you tell me more about that?

We conduct case studies when we want to explore in depth a programme, event, activity, process, or one or more individuals.

Can you let me know more about case study?

You’re welcome.

Thank you very much for your reply.

It is a strategy that we can derive a general and abstract theory of a process, action or interaction grounded in the views of participants. We need to several stages of data collection and the refinement and interrelationship of categories of information.

I see…How about grounded theory studies?

It is a strategy of inquiry that the researcher studies an intact cultural group in a natural setting over a prolonged period of time by collecting data.

Oh thank you. So what is ethnography?

Phenomenological research is to identify the essence of human experiences about a phenomenon as described by participants.

I see…then can you explain phenomenology?

It is the method that we study the lives of individuals and ask one or more individuals to provide stories about their lives. This information is often retold into a narrative chronology.

So what is narrative research?

Yes. We can use questionnaires or interviews for data collection to carry out cross-sectional and longitudinal studies.

Non-experimental designs, such as survey research, provides a quantitative or numeric description of attitudes, trends or opinions of people by studying a sample of them.

Yes of course. It determines if a specific treatment influences an outcome. The impact is assessed by providing a specific treatment to one group and withholding it from another and then determining how both groups scored on an outcome.

Can you explain more about experimental research?

Yes, sequential, concurrent and transformative mixed methods are the three general strategies.

I see. And for mixed methods, do you have any examples?

Narrative research, phenomenology, ethnographies, grounded theory studies and case study are the strategies.

How about qualitative?

For quantitative, we commonly have experimental designs and non-experimental designs, such as surveys.

Thank you very much.

Yes sure.

I see. Can you list some examples of each of them?

Three. They are quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods.