What is the definition of future orientation? How to measure it?

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Future orientation is defined as the extent to which individuals think about the future, anticipate potential outcomes, and plan their actions accordingly. It plays a crucial role in decision-making and goal-setting, particularly during significant life transitions.

To measure future orientation, researchers can utilize:

Surveys: Employing standardized questionnaires that assess aspects like goal-setting, optimism, and time perspective.

Interviews: Gathering qualitative data on personal experiences and perceptions regarding future planning.

Behavioral tasks: Using delay discounting tasks to evaluate preferences for immediate versus delayed rewards, which reflect future-oriented thinking.