What is the definition of mild cognitive impairment? How to measure it?

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Definition of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a condition characterized by a slight decline in cognitive abilities, such as memory, language, thinking, and judgment, that is noticeable to the individual or others but does not significantly interfere with daily functioning.

Measuring MCI

To measure MCI, healthcare providers typically conduct a comprehensive medical evaluation that includes:

Thorough assessment of cognitive complaints.

Medical history and medication review.

Physical and neurological exams.

Cognitive and neuropsychological testing to objectively assess cognitive abilities.

Blood tests and brain imaging to rule out other causes.

Specific tests, such as the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) or Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), may be used to screen for and monitor cognitive changes over time.